This is an interesting photo. It seems there are two shrapnel holes in opposite direction!
I am not sure which of two hole seems to be caused by shrapnel from which side, just replying to make sure we having a common interpretation of what we actually see.
When i saw the hole in the centre i remembered reading something of a typical type of disforming when a hot shrapnel hits a metal surface.
My analysis:
RED:
at the edge of the hole we see a disforming which is typical for impact with a hot metal peace. The edge is very slighty elivated above the original surface. This hapens because the hot shrapnel actually melts the metal of the plane.
My source for this (quote in Dutch):
"Een opvallend kenmerk van het fragment zijn cirkelvormige verdiepingen aan het oppervlak met randen die boven de oorspronkelijke oppervlakte van het fragment uitstijgen."
Translated in English:
"A striking feature of the fragment are circular recesses on the surface with edges that go beyond the original area of the fragment." (with "fragment" is ment a piece of the planeskin, not a fragment as a part of the missile or shrapnel)
BLUE:
Cracklines, i am sure about "RED" but less sure about the blue cracklines. The two cracklines look to be only apearing in the top layer of this piece of the plane.
The same article also mentiones cracklines in the paintlayer of the investigated piece of the plane:
In Dutch:
"De coating vertoont mechanische inbreukschade en is aan de randen van het fragment gescheurd."
Ïn English:
"The coating exhibits infringement mechanical damage and is torn at the edges of the fragment."
Source for Red and Blue:
www.rtlnieuws.nl/nieuws/binnenland/buk-raket-bewezen-fotos-videos-en-analyses (section of fragment 5)
Based on the Red and Blue "damage" i
assume the pink line/arrow is the direction (horizontal angle) where the shrapnel came from, within reasonable margins of course. I have no idea about the vertical angle.
About the second hole in the right top of the original photo, i have just general ideas, but i see not enough details (too dark because of the shade) to recognize anything on which i could make an analysis.