Some truthers suggest that because NIST does not test for explosives then this means that the NIST report is unscientific, and so nothing it contains should be believed.
http://www.nist.gov/el/disasterstudies/wtc/faqs_wtc7.cfm
NIST does nothing here but offer a parade of logical fallacies, irrelevancies and nonsense.
External Quote:
Did investigators consider the possibility that an explosion caused or contributed to the collapse of WTC 7?
Yes, this possibility was investigated carefully. NIST concluded that blast events inside the building did not occur and found no evidence supporting the existence of a blast event.
What does this mean? What evidence was examined that eliminated the possibility of a blast event? We know no physical evidence from the building was examined by NIST, so what evidence is NIST talking about here? Computer simulations that
can't be verified? In the absence of any explanation, it is mere
bare assertion.
External Quote:
In addition, no blast sounds were heard on the audio tracks of video recordings during the collapse of WTC 7 or reported by witnesses. According to calculations by the investigation team, the smallest blast capable of failing the building's critical column would have resulted in a sound level of 130 decibels (dB) to 140 dB at a distance of at least half a mile, if unobstructed by surrounding buildings. This sound level is consistent with a gunshot blast, standing next to a jet plane engine, and more than 10 times louder than being in front of the speakers at a rock concert.
An
argument from incredulity based on calculations supposing conventional explosives were used, when the alternative hypothesis suggests a specialised explosive was used.
External Quote:
For the building to have been prepared for intentional demolition, walls and/or column enclosures and fireproofing would have to be removed and replaced without being detected.
Argument from incredulity.
External Quote:
Preparing a column includes steps such as cutting sections with torches, which produces noxious and odorous fumes.
Argument from incredulity.
External Quote:
Intentional demolition usually requires applying explosive charges to most, if not all, interior columns, not just one or a limited set of columns in a building.
So what if that's what usually happens? Argument from incredulity.
External Quote:
Is it possible that thermite or thermate contributed to the collapse of WTC 7?
Is this an acknowledgement on the part of NIST that the best alternative hypothesis is worth exploring? If so, isn't testing for explosive residue necessary?
External Quote:
NIST has looked at the application and use of thermite and has determined that it was highly unlikely that it could have been used to sever columns in WTC 7 on Sept. 11, 2001.
In what way did NIST examine this possibility? Bare assertion.
External Quote:
Thermite is a combination of aluminum powder and a metal oxide that releases a tremendous amount of heat when ignited. It is typically used to weld railroad rails together by melting a small quantity of steel and pouring the melted steel into a form between the two rails. Thermate also contains sulfur and sometimes barium nitrate, both of which increase the compound's thermal effect, create flame in burning, and significantly reduce the ignition temperature.
Looks like we're heading for an argument from incredulity...
External Quote:
To apply thermite to a large steel column, approximately 0.13 lb. of thermite would be needed to heat and melt each pound of steel. For a steel column that weighs approximately 1,000 lbs. per foot, at least 100 lbs. of thermite would need to be placed around the column, ignited, and remain in contact with the vertical steel surface as the thermite reaction took place. This is for one column; presumably, more than one column would have been prepared with thermite, if this approach were to be used.
Presumably?
External Quote:
It is unlikely that 100 lbs. of thermite, or more, could have been carried into WTC 7 and placed around columns without being detected, either prior to Sept. 11, 2001, or during that day.
Ah, just unlikely. The argument from incredulity here is
so persuasive.
External Quote:
Given the fires that were observed that day, and the demonstrated structural response to the fires
What demonstrated structural response to the fires? The fact that the building fell down? That would be
begging the question of what caused the building to fall down.
Or is NIST is referring to its unverifiable computer simulations again?
External Quote:
NIST does not believe that thermite or thermate was used to fail any columns in WTC 7.
Bare assertion.
External Quote:
Analysis of the WTC steel for the elements in thermite/thermate would not necessarily have been conclusive. The metal compounds also would have been present in the construction materials making up the WTC buildings, and sulfur is present in the gypsum wallboard used for interior partitions.
In view of the fact that this was supposed to have been a forensic investigation, this is
burden shifting.
As anyone with a passing interest in chemistry knows, calcium sulphate (gypsum)
does not release sulphur easily and certainly not under conditions such as office or rubble fires. If it did, of course, it would not be widely used inside buildings.
The presence of significant quantities of sulphur is important evidence that should not have been overlooked. Truly absurd explanations from other parties even include the suggestion
it came from acid rain.
It is almost unbelievable that NIST should offer the obvious bunk that the sulphur came from gypsum as a serious suggestion. It is perhaps not so unbelievable that an organisation like the BBC,
which successfully conspired to protect a predatory pedophile for decades, should repeat this suggestion
without questioning it.
External Quote:
What about claims that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found metallic residues that are evidence of thermite in dust and air samples, respectively, taken from the WTC area after Sept. 11, 2001?
There has not been any conclusive evidence presented to indicate that highly reactive pyrotechnic material was present in the debris of WTC 7. The studies that have been conducted to document trace metals, organic compounds, and other materials in the dust and air from the vicinity of the WTC disaster have all suggested common sources for these items.
No point in NIST doing any analysis, then. Burden shifting.
External Quote:
For example, in a published report from the USGS on an analysis of WTC dust, the authors state that "... the trace metal compositions of the dust and girder coatings likely reflect contributions of material from a wide variety of sources. Possibilities include metals that might be found as pigments in paints (such as titanium, molybdenum, lead, and iron), or metals that occur as traces in, or as major components of, wallboard, concrete, aggregate, copper piping, electrical wiring, and computer equipment."
In a second example, researchers at the EPA measured the concentrations of 60 organic compounds in air samples from Ground Zero using an organic gas and particle sampler. The presence of one of these compounds, 1,3-diphenylpropane, has been suggested as evidence of thermite. However, the authors of the EPA paper state in the opening paragraph that although "… this species has not previously been reported from ambient sampling … it has been associated with polystyrene and other plastics, which are in abundance at the WTC site."
Interminable burden shifting. It is as if NIST doesn't know
what kind of chemical analysis is possible.
External Quote:
For its study of WTC 7, why didn't NIST follow the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) guidelines for conducting a fire investigation?
Yes, good question. Why not?
External Quote:
NFPA 921, "Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations," is a recommended methodology for optimizing investigations. NFPA 921 acknowledges that each investigation is unique, and that some investigations will require broader procedures than it can accommodate. This was especially true for NIST's WTC investigation, which responded to events that were much more than typical fires or explosions.
Eh? Saying broader procedures may be required doesn't mean existing procedures should be ignored. Exactly how are the fires supposed to be much more than typical office fires? Isn't the NIST hypothesis that office fires are responsible for the collapse?
And what explosions are being referred to here? The ones that NIST absurdly insists didn't happen?
These aren't even logical fallacies. It's just nonsense.
External Quote:
However, NIST's WTC 7 investigation did follow the core tenet of NFPA 921, which is the application of the scientific method.
The application of the scientific method involves considering, among other things, the
falsifiability of a theory. NIST has demonstrably failed to do this with respect to the best alternative hypothesis, which it has acknowledged but wholly failed to show it has investigated.
It is as if NIST doesn't realise the evidence of the collapse of WTC 7 exhibits striking features which a layman would reasonably say makes it appear engineered, an opinion confirmed by
independent experts.
External Quote:
The investigation was carefully planned, sources of information were identified and contacted, the building fire and collapse event and the investigation were documented, available evidence was obtained (including documents about the design and construction of the structure)
However, all physical evidence from the building, including
physical evidence that showed WTC 7 steel had been subject to a "mysterious" attack was ignored.
External Quote:
and the origin of the fire
which was hypothesised
External Quote:
was determined based on images, laboratory testing (conducted for the towers, but applicable to WTC 7), and mathematical analyses
that cannot be independently verified in their modelled form.
External Quote:
Additionally, in its study of WTC 7, NIST considered all available data and evaluated a range of possible collapse mechanisms: uncontrolled fires on the tenant floors, fuel oil fires,
Neither of which are applicable to the alternative hypothesis
External Quote:
hypothetical blast events
which may be applicable but the precise consideration of this possibility is not documented...
External Quote:
and fires within the Con Ed substation
which is also not applicable to the alternative hypothesis.
External Quote:
NIST developed a working hypothesis, modeled the fires and the building, and then used the models to test the hypothesis against the observed behavior of the building.
NIST first produced a hypothesis and then drylabbed a computer model to support it, a suggestion any true supporter of the scientific method would direct at an organisation that presents a computer model that cannot be verified as evidence of anything.
External Quote:
This approach is fully consistent with the principles of scientific inquiry.
An assertion so bare-faced and absurd it is laughable.
I have already pointed out the
serious geopolitical consequences of presenting this kind of text as evidence that the alternative hypothesis has been adequately examined, and suggest "debunkers" start there.