"4k UFOs Video" in the Serra do Rio Rastro, in Brazil. Probably insects?

BoulderRiver

Senior Member
I came across this recent video from wanzamhobby Drone, titled "DRONE registra 3 OVINIs sem QUERER na SERRA" (which roughly translates to "DRONE accidentally records 3 UFOs in the mountains".

This is the location of the footage:
https://maps.app.goo.gl/R4MUk7Q7juXJqFvw5

Frankly, it appears to be specs of dust, pollen, and even insects that are moving fast due to parallax.
But I Thought it would be in good tone to post it here




wanzamhobby Drone:
https://www.youtube.com/@wanzamhobby


"DRONE registra 3 OVINIs sem QUERER na SERRA"


The author's further 'investigations'
 
Frankly, it appears to be specs of dust, pollen, and even insects that are moving fast due to parallax.
But I Thought it would be in good tone to post it here
Correct. And the lighting (direction of the sun) is such that the insects are in direct sunlight, contrasting to the darker unlit background. Classic.
 
Maybe ballooning spiders?
But there's a weird bit where it seems to disappear without breaking the dark line of the road (at another point it clearly does pass over the road), so maybe just a video issue.
 
It's a spectacular view (I enjoyed that bit!) but in a number of places there seems to be a smooth pan past the scenery while the moving objects jerk-jerk-jerk regularly. Is that an artifact of photography, or is it indicative of fakery? Another possibility (maybe) is birds with flapping wings, only visible at the point in the stroke where the light catches the wings, but I don't think that I see anything at all between bright spots, so that's probably not it.
 
They seem to like the edges of the mountain (where the updrafts would likely be). That tips me more in the direction of birds.

At least the thing they called a UFO was unidentified, flying and an object. Nothing to be upset about here.
 
At least the thing they called a UFO was unidentified, flying and an object. Nothing to be upset about here.
If all they had intended to communicate was that it was unidentified, flying, and an object, then they should have used the words não identificados, voadores, and objetos. Instead, by chosing the initialism they are bringing in all of the baggage associated with that term. That's not a reason to get upset, but it's a justification for pointing a finger at them.
 
Looks like a framerate type of deal to me ie camera artifact. Insects or maybe birds?
I saw this case and it doesn't appear to be an animal, due to its speed (but I am also unable to estimate the size), at some point in the footage the thing flies over a few birds below it.


Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jatrp27XD0I


In this interview we can see it climbing after 4m05s, but even with the zoom applied, it's just a white (?) ball, we can't make its specific shape. If this is some sort of flying machine, I am not aware of similar cases. If it has some mundane, easy explanation, it just proves the point that cameras are mostly useless to record such objects, because the UFOs are always very far and happen to be too small to be registered with precision, leaving a lot of room for doubt.
 
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I saw this case and it doesn't appear to be an animal, due to its speed (but I am also unable to estimate the size),

One can't rule out an animal due to the perceived speed when one doesn't know the size of whatever it is. Size, speed and distance are interrelated. Something small and close to the camera can appear to travel fast.

If it has some mundane, easy explanation, it just proves the point that cameras are mostly useless to record such objects, because the UFOs are always very far and happen to be too small to be registered with precision, leaving a lot of room for doubt.

It's not necessarily a problem with the camera. All sensor systems have limitations. Whether a visible light camera, night-vision, infer-red, radar, sonar, electron microscopes, telescopes or even the human eye, there is a point at which the system can't resolve things. On this forum, this is called the LIZ or Low Information Zone. For a variety of reasons, like sensor limitations, there is something that can't be identified completely, or as you say "registered with precision".

The problem arrives when people argue that something that is "unidentified", is therefore "identified" as "unidentified" which really means aliens. We know birds and insects exist and we've seen similar videos of birds or insects close enough to the camera to give an appearance of high speed, while still being just blobs or orbs. So, even if whatever is in this video is still unidentified, it's likely something prosaic and not aliens.
 
If all they had intended to communicate was that it was unidentified, flying, and an object, then they should have used the words não identificados, voadores, and objetos. Instead, by chosing the initialism they are bringing in all of the baggage associated with that term...
I assume that OVNI carries the same cultural assumptions that UFO does... but I don't know that for sure. Are any of you fine folks able to say definitively?
 
I assume that OVNI carries the same cultural assumptions that UFO does... but I don't know that for sure. Are any of you fine folks able to say definitively?

I know much of Maussan's work uses OVNI. The video in post #10 uses OVNI in the title and the thumbnail. And it's hosted by this guy:

1764471158102.png


In addition to the NASA patch on his UFOLOGO researcher's official vest, there is also a Roswell patch, and a UFO one I can't quite make out on the back:

1764471275570.png


So, going out on a limb, I'd suggest UFO and OVNI carry the same cultural understanding.
 
I assume that OVNI carries the same cultural assumptions that UFO does...

I'll happily defer to @BoulderRiver, @Gaspa and @Perene on this, but I think OVNI has very much the same meaning (and is understood/ used in the same way) as "UFO".

The literal meaning is identical,
"objeto voador não identificado" (Brazilian Portuguese), "objeto volador no identificado" (Spanish), "objet volant non identifié" (French)
= unidentified flying object.
Collins Dictionary website https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/portuguese-english/ovni

A Google image search for "OVNI magazines" had these thumbnails at the top of the page,

ovni mags.jpg


("Revista Ovnis" returns a similar selection of front covers).
-Just noticed while reviewing this post; many of the above OVNI magazines are French. The one with the Eater Island Moai (statues) is Brazilian, OVNI Pesquisa ("UFO Research").
Googling "OVNI Pesquisa magazine" indicates that its readers have similar interests to UFO enthusiasts in English-speaking countries.

ovni pesquisa magazine.jpg


Other OVNI Pesquisa issues appear to feature advanced tech in ancient Egypt, Grays, Nick Pope

o1.jpg


Covers of other Brazilian/ Latin American OVNI magazines (OVNI Documento, Argentina's Alternativa OVNI, below)

ov4.jpg


-suggest "OVNI" is used in the same way as "UFO".

As well as the literal meaning, the popular understanding/ wider connotations of "OVNI" might be similar to "UFO"; that is, "possibly an alien spacecraft" or even just "alien spacecraft" in common usage (regardless of the "unidentified" / "não identificado" bit).

I'm guessing that many Brazilian people interested in OVNIs will be aware of (e.g.) the 1947 Kenneth Arnold sighting and Roswell affair, George Adamski, Barney and Betty Hill's 1961 experiences and other well-known (originally English language, mainly US) UFO claims, and regard these as OVNI claims, just as (e.g.) the 1957 Antônio Vilas-Boas case from Brazil (Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antônio_Vilas-Boas) is part of UFO lore in the US and other English-speaking countries.

In terms of wider lore, the trope of the government /a section of the military/ an elite cabal knowing more about UFOs/ OVNIs and related phenomena than they say they do features in some Brazilian claims/ subsequent "investigations"; see threads "The Varginha UFO" https://www.metabunk.org/threads/the-varginha-ufo.12725/ and "1977 Colares UFO Flap / Operação Prato" https://www.metabunk.org/threads/1977-colares-ufo-flap-operação-prato.11765/
This mirrors UFO-related conspiracy theories that arose in the US (and which are known around the world).

Again, I might be wide of the mark; the insight of Brazilian (or other Latin American) Metabunkers would be much appreciated.
 
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In addition to the NASA patch on his UFOLOGO researcher's official vest, there is also a Roswell patch, and a UFO one I can't quite make out on the back:

View attachment 86709

Even enhanced the lettering isn't readable, but the illustration shows a human getting tractor beamed up into a flying saucer. Abduction. It's not likely the text says, "This kind of thing isn't happening, so calm down."

1764471275570 K.png
 
OVNI means exactly the same as UFO for brazilian portuguese. As for Mr. Edison Boaventura, mentioned before, he is our "Luis Elizondo", but I don't think the man can be taken seriously. Despite his passion, he's an activist, and his claims only rely on hearsay and whatever evidence you can think of that does not prove for certain any of the extraordinary stories presented.

About this thread, I was going to say even if it's a living creature (an insect that size? must be an optical illusion...), it amazes me how such things (or object, if that's what it is) can travel so fast from one place to another and change the angle of its climbing while manages to not be discernible in a drone footage from distance.


Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUy1n8fcw_Q


In this video, after 14m15s (don't bother watching if not using a PC - it's too small), he claims one of the objects crossed the drone, yet it blinked while seen from a distance (with the zoom applied - check at 16m30s). If the thing emits some sort of red light, it can't be a living creature.

This article:
https://sctd.com.br/regioes/santa-c...lco-de-misterio-aereo/?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Says the following:

The UFO Research Group of Santa Catarina (GPUSC) analyzed the footage and concluded that there are no signs of manipulation in the material. According to the group, the objects do not display characteristics of birds or drones, such as wings, propellers, or navigation lights. In addition, it is estimated that the objects were moving at more than 500 km/h (310 mph), which rules out the possibility of them being conventional drones.

Ufologist Luiz Prestes, a member of GPUSC, stated in an interview with Rádio Cidade Tubarão that the Serra do Rio do Rastro region has already been the site of numerous UFO sighting reports. According to him, there are records of similar objects in cities such as Garopaba, Imbituba, Florianópolis, Blumenau, Brusque, Itajaí, Barra Velha, Joinville, and Itapoá.
 
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A bit OT, but the UFO with tractor beam is such a meme in UFOlogy. Just a few examples using Google lens on the patch above:

1764603026376.png
1764603038832.png


And this one for the "trust me bro" camp:

1764603051648.png


One of my personal favorites, not just because I attended, was the McMenamins logo this year with jack-rabbits being the interest of the aliens:

1764603895347.png


Why jack-rabbits? Well I guess according to the story of the McMinnville photo, the UFO was first seen right after feeding the rabbits out in the barn. So, I guess they are more like domesticated cotton-tails or bunny-rabbits and soon to be dinner, as opposed to the larger wild jack-rabbit. But that guy running off in the lower left of the image looks a lot more like a jack-rabbit to me, rather than a bunny. And it just looks funnier to have a rabbit being abducted.
 
I'll happily defer to @BoulderRiver, @Gaspa and @Perene on this, but I think OVNI has very much the same meaning (and is understood/ used in the same way) as "UFO".

Exactly the same meaning.

I'm guessing that many Brazilian people interested in OVNIs will be aware of (e.g.) the 1947 Kenneth Arnold sighting and Roswell affair, George Adamski, Barney and Betty Hill's 1961 experiences and other well-known (originally English language, mainly US) UFO claims, and regard these as OVNI claims, just as (e.g.) the 1957 Antônio Vilas-Boas case from Brazil (Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antônio_Vilas-Boas) is part of UFO lore in the US and other English-speaking countries.

Brazilians interested in UFOs will likely be aware of most, if not all, of those. I think most of those that are not interested are aware of Roswell, and anyone born in the mid 80's or before will remember the alien autopsy hoax (although not everyone will be aware that it has been shown to be a hoax). And everyone knows about Varginha.

I'll check out the thread now. Serra do Rio do Rastro is in my home state, not far from where I grew up.
 
If it has some mundane, easy explanation, it just proves the point that cameras are mostly useless to record such objects, because the UFOs are always very far and happen to be too small to be registered with precision, leaving a lot of room for doubt.

Which "such objects"?

As for cameras, when the right equipment is used correctly, can be used to capture high quality video of whatever you want. You can take a picture of the International Space Station flying over you, of a frog capturing a fly, of a bullet hitting another bullet in mid-air. You just need the right setup.

UFOs remain unidentified because they are not captured in the right conditions. So we can't make out what they really are.

It isn't the case of cameras being inherently useless for "recording UFOs". That makes no sense. Unless by UFO you mean alien spaceship, and that they have some sort of technology that prevents them from being around competent camera operators with good equipment. Which would be a very silly thing to say.
 
If it has some mundane, easy explanation, it just proves the point that cameras are mostly useless to record such objects, because the UFOs are always very far and happen to be too small to be registered with precision.
That's an unbelievable claim. If the thing has some mundane explanation, it proves nothing of the sort. It only shows that the camera view may be sufficient to explain a thing, and thus it is no longer "unidentified". Your claim sounds a lot like the fatuous statement "If you can't show what this unknown object is, then my answer is correct by default". No, it isn't. That's not the way evidence works. If you want your claims to be taken seriously, you've got to show your evidence.
 
Agree with Ann K's post; a position/ belief along the lines of "real alien spacecraft are always too far away and too small to be identifiable in a photograph or video" means there is no point in anyone trying to demonstrate the existence of UFOs (as alien spacecraft) by using photos or video.
Yet there are countless internet forums/ channels, TV shows (Skinwalker franchise), newspaper/ magazine articles, books and a few groups (e.g. MUFON) devoted to doing exactly that: "This photo is evidence...."
(Many of us here enjoy spending some time looking at photos/ clips of claimed UFOs, even if we disagree that they are likely to be evidence of ET visitation.)

That position is also contrary to many well-known claims of large, slow-flying or hovering craft (of which we have no convincing photos; by far the "best" picture of a flying triangle taken during the Belgian UFO flap of 1989-90 was revealed to be a hoax; Wikipedia, Belgian UFO wave https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_UFO_wave).
And there are several accounts of landed craft viewed over modest distances that are widely cited by UFO enthusiasts (e.g. Lonnie Zamora's 1964 Socorro, New Mexico report, discussed here https://www.metabunk.org/threads/what-happened-in-socorro-nm-april-24-1964.12553/).
These claims- and numerous dodgy photos- are a core part of the case made by many Ufologists/ "researchers"/ UFO interest groups like MUFON.

Obviously many attempts to photograph real flying objects whose existence is undoubted- birds, butterflies, aircraft- also end up producing indistinct images whose subject is difficult to identify, but invariably there are some good quality photos of almost all examples of these things.

If some UFOs are alien spacecraft, and some of them fly slowly, hover or land close to witnesses as many have claimed, it is not unreasonable to ask,
"...so why are there no clear photos?"
It can't be reasonable to believe that many claimed UFO reports accurately describe what was objectively present, and that this is evidence of ET visitation, while also claiming all such UFOs are too far away and small to be identified for what they are.*

In this case, the subject of the footage is hard to identify because they are not well-resolved (and we have no confirmation of the subject's distance, size or speed; interdependent variables). But "unidentified, therefore possibly something anomalous if we assume a given distance, object size and speed" might not be the best explanation, as the Skinwalker Ranch folk's filming of a large hypersonic UAP (almost certainly a fly or similar insect of normal insect-y size and speed) has shown.

*For many people sceptical of UFO claims, this isn't a problem: All reports of encountering UFOs at very close distances are probably misidentifications, misperceptions (perhaps due to a range of different reasons) or hoaxes (some of which are known beyond any reasonable doubt, e.g. the claims of George Adamski, Billy Meier).
 
As for cameras, when the right equipment is used correctly, can be used to capture high quality video of whatever you want.
That's not exactly true. First, the equipment most suited to even try to capture these things is never a cheap smartphone or DSLR / mirrorless camera. It's always expensive (try to find as much people as you can that would pay 3000, 5000 USD for one, and probably the same cash for the lenses and tripod combined...), and never show good results, if the object is moving. And guess what, 99% don't have these at hand, when the UAPs are spotted. They are never expecting them.

Why? Of course they don't, it needs some time to configure these cameras, to get a good image (and no, if you have a telescope you aren't improving things, they don't eliminate the exposure time needed for a digital sensor). You can't just press a button and in the next second anything that shows up will materialize into a coherent image, that leaves no doubt for the skeptic (in the age of AI I doubt anything will do...).

And you can't just leave these running over hours while you do something else and not monitor what is doing, all the time.

When they do have the proper equipment, just like it was with the Turkey UFO case, we assume they are distant cruise ships, or FAKED (this "Serra do Rio case" looks way more unconvincing to me). I was told the person that recorded the Kumburgaz UFOs used a good camera.

It gets a lot worse under poor lighting, at night. WAAAAAAAAAAAY worse. That is the case no matter what we use. If we are talking about predictable, slow-moving, large, or bright phenomena, such as drones, satellites, aircraft, space debris, these are now easier to capture than ever before.

But the UFOs that matter, the ones like the Tic-Tac, which allegedly:

- have no lights
- reflect minimal sunlight
- move erratically
- accelerate rapidly
- have small angular size

Those are just as hard in 2025 as in 1980. The bottleneck isn't the user. It's photon physics and the nature of the object itself. If the object doesn't emit its own light, and doesn't reflect enough light, and moves unpredictably, no consumer camera can reliably record it.

Not in 2004, not in 2025, and probably not in 2040.

Someone thought it was nonsensical (a comment from another thread) my assessment that the human eye is more reliable to quickly glance an unknown object no matter where, compared to man-made tech. That person is probably not aware that no camera today, mirrorless, DSLR, cinema, or phone behaves like a human retina. The industry is moving in that direction, slowly and with several massive obstacles.

To "match" the human eye, a camera would need:

- Real-time continuous photon integration without a shutter
- Zero read noise
- Instantaneous ISO switching
- Neural-level denoising per pixel
- 180-degree dynamic range in a single moment
- Very high temporal resolution
- High spatial resolution simultaneously
- Biological motion prediction and correction
- A mechanical system as stable as the skull-neck axis
- Adaptive optics to correct atmospheric distortion on the fly

This is not consumer technology. This is science fiction bordering on military-grade star-tracking optics or astronomical telescopes costing tens of millions.

Even the idea of a "576 MP sensor" (we often read our eyes have that "resolution") is misleading. Human vision isn't a megapixel grid. It's a foveated system with variable resolution and massively parallel neural processing. You can't replicate this with a simple jump in pixel count.

Could future military or scientific sensors eventually reach something close? Maybe. But for the average consumer camera? Not for decades.

Cameras today offer a slightly better chance of recording a UFO, but the improvement is incremental, not revolutionary. The human eye remains a superior detection system for faint or fast aerial anomalies. And the dream that "one day cameras will match the eye at night" is not technically impossible, but it will require entirely new imaging paradigms-global-shutter photon counters, real-time foveated sensors, neuromorphic pipelines... neither economically feasible nor mainstream anytime soon.

Compared to decades ago things have improved a lot. But the fundamental barriers remain.
 
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That's not exactly true. First, the equipment most suited to even try to capture these things is never a cheap smartphone or DSLR / mirrorless camera. It's always expensive (try to find as much people as you can that would pay 3000, 5000 USD for one, and probably the same cash for the lenses and tripod combined...), and never show good results, if the object is moving. And guess what, 99% don't have these at hand, when the UAPs are spotted. They are never expecting them.

Why? Of course they don't, it needs some time to configure these cameras, to get a good image (and no, if you have a telescope you aren't improving things, they don't eliminate the exposure time needed for a digital sensor). You can't just press a button and in the next second anything that shows up will materialize in a coherent image, that leaves no doubt for the skeptic (in the age of AI I doubt anything will do...).

And you can't just leave these running over hours while you do something else and not monitor what is doing, all the time.

When they do have the proper equipment, just like it was with the Turkey UFO case, we assume they are distant cruise ships, or FAKED (this "Serra do Rio case" looks way more unconvincing to me). I was told the person that recorded the Kumburgaz UFOs used a good camera.

It gets a lot worse under poor lighting, at night. WAAAAAAAAAAAY worse. That is the case no matter WHAT camera we use. If we are talking about predictable, slow-moving, large, or bright phenomena, such as drones, satellites, aircraft, space debris, these are now easier to capture than ever before.

But the UFOs that matter, the ones like the Tic-Tac, which allegedly:

- have no lights
- reflect minimal sunlight
- move erratically
- accelerate rapidly
- have small angular size

Those are just as hard in 2025 as in 1980. The bottleneck isn't the user. It's photon physics and the nature of the object itself. If the object doesn't emit its own light, and doesn't reflect enough light, and moves unpredictably, no consumer camera can reliably record it.

Not in 2004, not in 2025, and probably not in 2040.

Someone thought it was nonsensical (a comment from another thread) my assessment that the human eye is way more reliable to quickly glance an unknown object no matter where, compared to other technology. That person is probably not aware that no camera today, mirrorless, DSLR, cinema, or phone behaves like a human retina. The industry is moving in that direction, slowly and with several massive obstacles.

To "match" the human eye, a camera would need:

- Real-time continuous photon integration without a shutter
- Zero read noise
- Instantaneous ISO switching
- Neural-level denoising per pixel
- 180-degree dynamic range in a single moment
- Very high temporal resolution
- High spatial resolution simultaneously
- Biological motion prediction and correction
- A mechanical system as stable as the skull-neck axis
- Adaptive optics to correct atmospheric distortion on the fly

This is not consumer technology. This is science fiction bordering on military-grade star-tracking optics or astronomical telescopes costing tens of millions.

Even the idea of a "576 MP sensor" (we often read our eyes have that "resolution") is misleading. Human vision isn't a megapixel grid. It's a foveated system with variable resolution and massively parallel neural processing. You can't replicate this with a simple jump in pixel count.

Could future military or scientific sensors eventually reach something close? Maybe. But for the average consumer camera? Not for decades.

Cameras today offer a slightly better chance of recording a UFO, but the improvement is incremental, not revolutionary. The human eye remains a superior detection system for faint or fast aerial anomalies. And the dream that "one day cameras will match the eye at night" is not technically impossible, but it will require entirely new imaging paradigms-global-shutter photon counters, real-time foveated sensors, neuromorphic pipelines... neither economically feasible nor mainstream anytime soon.

Compared to decades ago things have improved a lot. But the fundamental barriers remain.

There is a lot wrong in the "to match a human eye" section of your comment, but that whole discussion about the human eye is completely beside the point, so I'm not going to bother with it.

Anyways, fair enough. I overstated and oversimplified. But my point stands. The reason that some things remain unidentified has to do with them not being properly captured, not with some intrinsic characteristic of the thing.
 
The human eye remains a superior detection system for faint or fast aerial anomalies.
The human eye ALWAYS gives a single impression that is confined to a single human brain, and can not be studied by any other person. Even the original viewer can't go back and take another look at it to clarify details. It's very poor evidence in court, and it's certainly not enough evidence in UFOlogy.
 
Someone thought it was nonsensical (a comment from another thread) my assessment that the human eye is more reliable to quickly glance an unknown object no matter where, compared to man-made tech. That person is probably not aware that no camera today, mirrorless, DSLR, cinema, or phone behaves like a human retina. The industry is moving in that direction, slowly and with several massive obstacles.

To "match" the human eye, a camera would need:

- Real-time continuous photon integration without a shutter
- Zero read noise
- Instantaneous ISO switching
- Neural-level denoising per pixel
- 180-degree dynamic range in a single moment
- Very high temporal resolution
- High spatial resolution simultaneously
- Biological motion prediction and correction
- A mechanical system as stable as the skull-neck axis
- Adaptive optics to correct atmospheric distortion on the fly


To be useful in the context of UFO studies, the eye would need to:
-Produce images that can be retrieved, analyzed and studied.
 
To be useful in the context of UFO studies, the eye would need to:
-Produce images that can be retrieved, analyzed and studied.
Not only all cameras are GARBAGE for this goal to produce convincing evidence of said UFOs (because they move too fast and don't remain still in many cases, and if you are trying to get information at night, forget it, exposure time is always required, and they need to collect light, which distant small objects, extremely photon-poor, never give them), when they do (remember the flying saucers from decades ago? Most of them debunked or we are still calling fakes?), it's never enough to convince a skeptic. And if we are being honest, nothing ever will.

I believe if tomorrow someone films a huge spaceship from 100 ft high most users here would not concede it could be of extraterrestrial origin. Or if they recorded the aliens themselves. Nowadays it's worse, with the developments in technology. If it's hard to tell what is real in 2025, imagine in the future...

You know what would convince everyone? The objects themselves, captured, or the aliens. Or perhaps anything scrapped from them, similar to Moon rocks brought to Earth that scientists decades later can still analyze. This is what I consider evidence, not hearsay or pictures, videos, audios and documents, that prove nothing beyond reasonable doubt.

All this stuff helps is to keep these discussions alive. It's not leading to any conclusion, and probably none of them ever will. Everything we insist on valuing as evidence clearly leads nowhere, it only fuels conspiracy theories and an industry that profits on the subject (and the gullible).

This article in portuguese about this case:
https://ndmais.com.br/ciencia-e-espaco/ovnis-na-serra-do-rio-do-rastro-drone-filma-objetos-em-sc/

Says:

++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The analysis conducted by Wanderlei in a video posted on social media included comparisons with birds and drones, but the characteristics of the alleged UFOs over Serra do Rio do Rastro did not fit any of those hypotheses. In one of the segments, one of the artifacts passes close to a flock of birds, clearly triggering a reaction from the animals.

He also ruled out that they could be drones, since none of the objects displayed propellers, arms, or any visible signs of propulsion. "It's a ball. Literally a ball," Wanderley says during the video that went viral.

"It looks like a cookie. You can already see it has no wings," adds the drone operator, who further points out that the object also has no propellers, once again dismissing the drone hypothesis.

The cameraman also highlights the moment when one of the objects passes beside the birds. "You can clearly see the birds flapping their wings while the object flies past them. (…) It was obvious that the birds are flapping their wings and the object is not," he says.

The mystery of the UFOs at Serra do Rio do Rastro deepened when it was observed that all three objects followed a similar route toward a specific point on one of the rocky formations of the mountain range. The cameraman said that if he had noticed the unusual movement at the time of recording, he would have explored the area to try to gather more information about the objects' destination.

The Santa Catarina Ufological Research Group (GPUSC) evaluated the video and concluded that there is no sign of editing or manipulation in the Serra do Rio do Rastro UFO footage. The high-definition equipment used helped rule out conventional explanations: the objects showed no wings, rudders, propellers, or navigation lights, making the drone theory unfeasible.

"By analyzing the distance traveled and the time taken by the objects in the video, we were able to calculate that they were moving at over 500 km/h, once again ruling out the possibility of drones," the GPUSC stated in a note. The objects have an oval and spherical shape, gray coloration, and disappear as they approach the cliff walls of the mountain range.

"This is not an isolated case. There are many reports of sightings of these objects entering or exiting the canyon walls in the region, both day and night. What makes this case unique is the video recording, which is rare," they explained.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++

OK, it's not an animal, what if it's a classical fairy? Also, how come you can say there's "no sign of editing and manipulation", based on a reencoded Youtube video? Where is the raw, unedited recording? Without it, such claims are useless.

Are these in any way related to:
https://globalnews.ca/news/9746110/metallic-flying-orbs-nasa-pentagon-panel-ufos-uaps/

That is a good question. Will these recordings help to clarify anything or even establish a connection? No. That's like saying the UFO from the Lonnie Zamora incident (from 1964) and the Tic-Tac from 2004 are the same.
 
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You know what would convince everyone? The objects themselves, captured, or the aliens. Or perhaps anything scrapped from them, similar to Moon rocks brought to Earth that scientists decades later can still analyze. This is what I consider evidence, not hearsay or pictures, videos, audios and documents, that prove nothing beyond reasonable doubt.
I agree, that would be evidence if we had any of those things. Do you have any? Does anyone? Even so, given that we know what is in the periodic table of elements and given the expectation that any celestial body would consist of the same things, I would be very surprised if any scrap of metal could provide adequate evidence of alien life.

Photos or videos would be of lesser value, but they're still the BEST things that have been produced so far.
 
Not only all cameras are GARBAGE for this goal to produce convincing evidence of said UFOs (because they move too fast and don't remain still in many cases, and if you are trying to get information at night, forget it, exposure time is always required, and they need to collect light, which distant small objects, extremely photon-poor, never give them), when they do (remember the flying saucers from decades ago? Most of them debunked or we are still calling fakes?),
Cameras can take pictures of airplanes, helicopters, birds, meteors, stars, planets, clouds, rockets -- these things exist, and can be clearly photographed despite them moving around or not being very bright lights. About the flying saucers, many of those old cases have indeed proven to be hoaxes (fakes). That is not the fault of the skeptic, it is the fault of the faker. Others have been shown to be defects in the film of the camera, or balloon, or any number of things. Some it's not possible to be sure what they are.

One thing NONE of them have ever been proven to be is an alien spaceship.


it's never enough to convince a skeptic. And if we are being honest, nothing ever will.
Actual compelling evidence would convince people, even skeptics. Gorillas were just folktales and people in the rest of the word did not believe they were real --until somebody brought a skull to a scientist, and then live and dead specimens were available, and nobody questions that gorillas are real any more.

Skeptical science used to think that the idea that stones would sometimes fall from the sky was nonsense Eyewitness testimony alone was not considered enough to establish that meteors do fall from the sky, but combined with analysis of recovered meteorites and a spectacular case where a village in France got pelted by a large number of meteorites, the reality of the phenomenon was established. We all pretty much are on the same page now about meteors/meteorites.

In those and similar cases, evidence eventually proved the case. This has not yet happened with UFOs, despite coming up on 70 years of people trying to prove they are real.

Skeptics are convinced of new things very frequently, what it requires is good evidence. Such evidence not existing for UFOs is not the fault of the skeptics!


I believe if tomorrow someone films a huge spaceship from 100 ft high most users here would not concede it could be of extraterrestrial origin. Or if they recorded the aliens themselves. Nowadays it's worse, with the developments in technology. If it's hard to tell what is real in 2025, imagine in the future...
I am not sure what you are trying to say here. If your point is that you feel folks here would ignore good evidence, I think you are wrong -- but we won't be able to prove who is right until good evidence is presented. After around 70 years, we are still waiting.

If your point is that with new ways to produce more and more realistic fake images means that the value of photos or videos as evidence is becoming less and less, I'd agree.


You know what would convince everyone? The objects themselves, captured, or the aliens. Or perhaps anything scrapped from them, similar to Moon rocks brought to Earth that scientists decades later can still analyze. This is what I consider evidence, not hearsay or pictures, videos, audios and documents, that prove nothing beyond reasonable doubt.
I agree. We have none of that with UFOs.

All this stuff helps is to keep these discussions alive. It's not leading to any conclusion, and probably none of them ever will. Everything we insist on valuing as evidence clearly leads nowhere, it only fuels conspiracy theories and an industry that profits on the subject (and the gullible).
Real evidence would lead somewhere. Until it is produced, if it ever is, we should not be "led somewhere" by extremely poor evidence coupled to really wanting UFOs to be real.
 
But the UFOs that matter, the ones like the Tic-Tac, which allegedly:

- have no lights
- reflect minimal sunlight
- move erratically
- accelerate rapidly
- have small angular size
(In passing, where does the "reflect minimal sunlight" come from? Where does Fravor claim it had a matt appearance?)

So the Tic Tac has small angular size now? This is an important claim if you're arguing
...cameras are mostly useless to record such objects, because the UFOs are always very far and happen to be too small to be registered with precision

Because in the "Hypothesis: Fravor's Tic Tac was Kurth's FA18" thread, you stated
...the pilots saw the object visually. Fravor encountered it at close range...
Using his estimate of the UFO being the size of his plane (50, 60 ft), at 20.000 ft it would take up 0.14 - 0.17 angular degree of sky or about a third the size of the full moon, sufficiently large to visually pick up details.
(The possibility of Fravor's percept having much smaller apparent size was raised, you seemed to disagree).

So large enough for details to be seen by eye, but not large enough to be captured on camera? How does that work?
Why do warplanes carry gun cameras and (depending on role/ mission) highly expensive cameras for reconnaissance?
Why are there well-resourced military units, whose work is often highly confidential, dedicated to interpreting imagery captured by military aircraft, drones etc.? They could just ask the pilot. -Presumably they do ask the pilot/ aircrew, or read their reports, but it is beyond reasonable doubt that photographs/ filming can capture details that aircrew didn't see/ didn't attend to/ didn't remember or consider relevant.
Military aircraft have carried cameras since WWI- even the crude cameras of 1914-1918 captured more than a human could reasonably see, remember or describe.

People do sometimes photograph rare birds or butterflies in flight, interesting aircraft and (much more rarely) bolides/ re-entering space debris, other fleeting events when they were not expecting to see them. Often those images reveal more information than the photographer's testimony.
They are evidence of something, and show something that can be identified (or at least described).
Many, probably a large majority of such opportunistically snapped photos/ videos are indistinct, but not all.

With UFOs, they all seem to be indistinct- historically it seems the clearer the image, the more likely the chances of a deliberate hoax.
It has been commented elsewhere on this forum IIRC that reported UFOs in the 1950s-1990 or thereabouts were structured "nuts and bolts" craft, sometimes with portholes, doors, landing struts, ladders; nowadays they are featureless "orbs" or "Tic Tacs". Amazingly, alien tech has just about kept ahead of our ability to photograph it, just as it has just about kept ahead of our military aircraft's ability to intercept them- Thomas Mantell's propellor-driven P-51 Mustang, subsonic F-94s during the 1952 "Washington Invasion", Iranian Air Force F-4s in 1976, Fravor and co.'s F/A-18s.
They're just out of reach. They don't want to declare themselves, but they're not averse to being seen by pilots (or else ET radar/ other situational awareness is inferior to our own, allowing them to be surprised and approached by the non-stealthy aircraft listed above).

And there's the issue of reports of large, slow-flying and hovering UFOs. Why are there no unambiguous photos/ videos of those?
Like the nuts-and-bolts UFOs of earlier decades, they have fallen out of fashion: Their presence is now inferred from seeing featureless lights in the sky which the observer believes are physically connected. Shame they never appear in daytime near anyone with a camera.

[Quoting drone operator Wanderlei Zandona] He also ruled out that they could be drones, since none of the objects displayed propellers, arms, or any visible signs of propulsion. "It's a ball. Literally a ball," Wanderley says during the video that went viral.
So the Serra do Rio do Rastro video is good enough to rule out propellors/ rotors/ wings, so is claimed to show something anomalous, but not good enough for details to be seen?

Again, we are heading into unfalsifiable (and therefore unscientific) territory: Photos/ video are not good enough to rule out extraterrestrial craft, but they are good enough to rule out mundane explanations.

I'm not at all sure if the video shows drones or not, but there are drones of disc-like or spherical appearance, whose propulsion might not be obvious from a distance:

Cypher-UAV.jpg
spherical-drone.gif

dragon stalker.jpg

ADIFO.jpg

drones-06-00260-g009-550.jpg



(L-R, top to bottom) Sikorsky Cypher (Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_Cypher); Unmanned Cowboys' ATLAS UAV (Robotic Gizmos website, https://www.roboticgizmos.com/spherical-unmanned-aerial-vehicle/); Robert Michelson's experimental Dragon Stalker (x2); Razvan Sabie and Iosif Taposu's ADIFO drone from Romania (x2, Flyer website https://flyer.co.uk/romanias-real-flying-saucer/, also C4ISRNet What could a military do with this flying saucer?); Singapore University of Technology and Design's Spherical Indoor Coanda Effect Drone (SpICED), MDPI https://www.mdpi.com/2504-446X/6/9/260

With the exception of the Sikorsky, these are all products of independent inventors/small companies and university departments.
Apart from being proof-of-concept demonstrators, they might have little practical use. I'd guess they all fly slower than what is seen in the Serra do Rio do Rastro video, if that video shows objects of equivalent size (which we don't know).
But we know these discoid and spherical drones exist- and must have been built with relatively modest resources (excepting Sikorsky's Cypher).
We also know much larger aerospace and defence interests and some government agencies, with access to large development budgets and technology as advanced as we know of, are developing drones/ UAVs.

Brazil's Embraer isn't Lockheed or Boeing, but it manufactures sophisticated aircraft and has resources greater than the inventors/ university department whose drones are shown above.
"Embraer and the Brazilian Air Force sign MoU to develop unmanned aircraft", Air Data News website 23 April 2021 https://www.airdatanews.com/embraer...-force-sign-mou-to-develop-unmanned-aircraft/

If the Serra do Rio do Rastro footage shows modest-sized flying artefacts (which I doubt) they are not pulling any manoeuvres or flying at any (estimated) speed that rules out drones of terrestrial origin.

The drone /UAV hypothesis might be unlikely, but it might be more likely than those elusive alien spacecraft.
 
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Not only all cameras are GARBAGE for this goal to produce convincing evidence of said UFOs (because they move too fast and don't remain still in many cases [...]

That's simply false. There is loads of footage of fighter jets and other objects flying in very high speeds. I mentioned the ISS before. The fact that it sometimes takes expensive equipment and some skill and knowledge to get these images doesn't change the fact that it is possible, therefore "all cameras are GARBAGE" is a false statement.

Let's stick to the case at hand here. The objects were well lit: they look overexposed, being in the sunlight while he was shooting the mountainside that was in the shadow. And all of them seemed to move in a straight line and with constant speed. It would have been really easy for someone with the right equipment to grab good footage of it if they noticed it.

However, the guy filming didn't even see anything. Nor did anyone else. Which means it was probably nothing. Bugs. Dust in the wind. Whatever. The whole thing was six months ago and this is first time I'm hearing about it, which is saying something, because I'm usually on top of these things.
 
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And if we are being honest, nothing ever will.
That's not being honest. That's assuming a lot, actually.
Just any good evidence would be a good start to change some people's minds.

I believe if tomorrow someone films a huge spaceship from 100 ft high most users here would not concede it could be of extraterrestrial origin.
You have some strange beliefs. Got it.
OK, it's not an animal,
This has not been established.
how come you can say there's "no sign of editing and manipulation", based on a reencoded Youtube video?
Maybe the SC UFO group contacted the drone operator and got the original footage from him? Anyways, it really doesn't look manipulated. If someone were to manipulate video in order to create some sort of hoax, why would they to it in a way that looks completely mundane?
I don't know. The "orbs" looks like metallic ballons. These look like insects or some debris being carried by the wind. One could say that they are related in the sense that both appear to be wind-driven.
 
Around 1:15 in the video there is a clear solar optical flare. It tells me anything small and close to the drone will be highly visible. It is similar to videos of people filming almost directly in the sun, but blocking the sun, such that bugs will start to look like visiting alien crafts. Basically solar occultation trickery. I also do not trust the heavy video processing done by the group.
 
I saw this case and it doesn't appear to be an animal, due to its speed (but I am also unable to estimate the size), at some point in the footage the thing flies over a few birds below it.


Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jatrp27XD0I


In this interview we can see it climbing after 4m05s, but even with the zoom applied, it's just a white (?) ball, we can't make its specific shape. If this is some sort of flying machine, I am not aware of similar cases. If it has some mundane, easy explanation, it just proves the point that cameras are mostly useless to record such objects, because the UFOs are always very far and happen to be too small to be registered with precision, leaving a lot of room for doubt.

I think anyone who flies a drone regularly should not find the little speck going across the frame in this video remarkable. It just looks like a bird or maybe a closer insect. In this case given the context, most likely a bird. It's not unusual at all to see, and certain lighting angles makes them show up brighter. It's really just not interesting at all and all this UFO-themed speculation about it comes off as somewhat absurd given the completely mundane, commonplace footage it is based on.

I just spent a few minutes looking at my archive of drone videos and within minutes found multiple examples. Slow these to 0.25x and set the quality to high.

Here two little dots move towards the camera in the lower half, just left of the middle.

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ot-U6P3iRp0


Here you can see a bird flying to the left, beginning to the right and just above the island in the frame.

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXkrvCKjt4M
 
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