It IS a widespread phenomenon. It's called RUSTING. In this case accelerated rusting.
You supply a deep pile of constantly red-hot, twisted, torn and compacted steel fragments with a supply of fresh water raining from above. Watch the action of steam, acid radicals, and oxygen out of the air, dissolve out large amounts of iron in days.
Not Jonathan Cole and his mad alien scientist uncle with their failed tiny fire and dry box overnight experiment.
Aqueous acid steam (or alkali steam for that matter) plus oxygen are quite effective on carbon steel, which is almost pure iron.
There was plenty of gypsum (calcium sulfate) around. There's your sulfur. As a sulfate radical in aqueous solution. Gypsum isn't perfectly insoluble at all.
The steel was plain civil structural steel. The building had been accidentally struck. Any 0.2% carbon steel would behave the same.