FatPhil
Senior Member.
When the artefact has ringing that seems to follow the shape of a high-contrast edge, it's usually an "unsharp mask" filter that's being used to make the image sharper.The black stuff in the picture that surrounds the white dots and the white line was not actually there in the sky, it was added by the camera software on your phone. Possible culprits are the compression algorithm (these often introduce noticeable artifacts along edges) or the digital zoom (it adds pixels based on guesswork) or possibly "AI" on modern phones.
It a seemingly silly name for a filter, but there's some history behind it - you subtract a bit of a blurred (hence "unsharp") version of the image from the original; perhaps another parity-flip in the name to represent subtraction would have helped - in particular as the "subtraction" was, because this was analogue, addition of the negative.