But that's not not pareidolia.
I'm currently of the opinion that it HAS to be pareidolia. I don't see what alternative there is. There's no assumption cos there's nothing else it can be.
I'm not sure what you're arguing? The definition pretty much sums it up:
External Quote:
Pareidolia (
/ˌpærɪˈdoʊliə, ˌpɛər-/;
[1] also
US:
/ˌpɛəraɪ-/)
[2] is the tendency for
perception to impose a meaningful interpretation on a nebulous
stimulus, usually visual, so that one detects an object, pattern, or meaning where there is none. Pareidolia is a type of
apophenia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareidolia
External Quote:
Apophenia (
/æpoʊˈfiːniə/) is the tendency to perceive meaningful connections between unrelated things.
[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophenia
So, if one sees a constructed Face on Mars and there is NO REAL constructed Face on Mars, that is by definition, pareidolia. We see patterns, meanings and meaningful connections where there IS NONE. Our brain searches for patterns and finds meaning in some random patterns or specific patterns that were not meant to be what our brains perceive them to be. Partially I think it's because our brain is very good at abstraction. Look at this electrical outlet that lots of people see a "face" on:
Why do we see a face? There is no nose or ears, the eyes are just black circles and much of what makes a face is missing. Yet we see a face, because we also see a face in this image:
Again, most of what makes a face is missing, but there are just enough visual clues presented, on purpose here and unintentionally above, for our brain to recognize a pattern of 2 eyes and mouth and conclude "human face". So then, we do the same with random patterns that can mimic the same visual clues, like the original Face on Mars:
The opposite would be looking at the Face of the Sphinx:
Still an abstract pattern, especially with the nose broken off, but clearly, we see a face. In this case that's because someone actually and purposefully carved the visual clues that make us recognize a face. This is not pareidolia. We are not perceiving a face from random or unintentional stimuli, rather from an intentional arrangement that makes us think face. Just like the smiley face.
The authors of the paper seem to be arguing we should not just apply the concept of pareidolia in situations where it seems to make sense, such as the Face on Mars, because we may miss actual evidence of aliens. The Face on Mars MAY be more like the sphinx and not like the electrical outlet. Or something like that.
As noted here and the other thread about the rest of this paper, the main thrust is to shift the burden of proof for aliens to the skeptics. Having established, at least to their likening, the notion that UAPs are a real and serious phenomenon to be delt with, the authors trot out all kinds of theories, speculations and outright fictions as equally viable solutions to the UAP problem. Everything from interdimensional beings to the Shaver Mysteries might explain UAPs and if that's the case, it's up to the skeptics to DISPROVE each suggestion. Richard Shaver says aliens come out of the Earth, while he's probably wrong, it's up to the skeptic to prove aliens do not come out of the Earth. If they can't, then Shaver's idea is as viable as balloons and stars. I think.
For the authors pareidolia is a form of evidence to show why there is NO civilization on Mars. Skeptics pointed out that the Face on Mars was likely pareidolia when it was first made popular. The Face on Mars is therefore NOT evidence for a civilization on Mars, something the authors want to assert or at least suggest is equally possible as not.
The authors, I would argue rather weak, counterargument to the pareidolia explanation is that while that might explain the Face on Mars, it's bias to say so because it really could be a Face on Mars. It seems rather convoluted to me, as they are well aware that later photos showed that the Face on Mars was in fact a case of pareidolia. The argument seems to be, "yeah just because that explained the Face, it may not explain the other claims about stuff on Mars like a building and skeptics shouldn't use pareidolia as an argument until they prove it's not really a building". Once again attempting to shift the burden of proof.