Mike C quotes: "NPAFP is also strongly correlated with more than 6 shots of OPV per year", which is very interesting and IMHO that seems a very strange thing to do, especially in the light of the timetable listed below.
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/polio-immunisation
External Quote:
Polio immunisation timetable
All children are offered polio immunisation as part of the routine immunisation programme. A full course of polio immunisation consists of five doses of vaccine as follows:
[TABLE="class: standard_table"]
[TR]
[TD][/TD]
[TD]Children[/TD]
[TD]Adults (who have not been immunised as a child)[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Primary Course[/TD]
[TD]Three doses of vaccine - as DTaP/IPV(polio)/Hib at two, three and four months of age.[/TD]
[TD]Three doses of vaccine - as Td/IPV(polio), each one month apart.[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]4th dose[/TD]
[TD]Three years after the primary course - as part of the DTaP/IPV(polio) pre-school booster at 3 years and four months to 5 years.[/TD]
[TD]5 years after the primary course - as Td/IPV(polio).[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]5th dose[/TD]
[TD]Aged 13-18 years - the school leaver booster - as Td/IPV(polio).[/TD]
[TD]10 years after 4th dose - as Td/IPV(polio).[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
The primary course of three injections gives good protection for a number of years. The fourth and fifth doses ('boosters') are needed in later years to maintain protection. After the fifth dose, immunity remains for life and you do not need any further boosters (apart from some travel situations - see 'Travellers', below)
The following disadvantages seem quite sanitised or even disingenuous to me. (if that's ok

)
http://www.immunizationinfo.org/vaccines/polio
External Quote:
Polio is caused by intestinal viruses that spread from person to person in stool and saliva. Most people infected with polio (approximately 95%) show no symptoms. Minor symptoms can include sore throat, low-grade fever, nausea, and vomiting. Some infected persons (1 to 2%) will have stiffness in the neck, back, or legs without paralysis. Less than 1% of polio infections (about 1 of every 1,000 cases) cause paralysis. In some cases, the poliovirus will paralyze the muscles used to breathe, leaving the victim unable to breathe on his or her own. Many paralyzed persons recover completely. Those who do recover from paralytic polio may be affected 30 to 40 years later, with muscle pain and progressive weakness.
Before the polio vaccine, 13,000 to 20,000 people were paralyzed by polio, and about 1,000 people died from it each year in the United States. Most of those infected were elementary school children so it was often called 'infantile paralysis.'
Given that "Before the polio vaccine, 13,000 to 20,000 people were paralyzed by polio, and about 1,000 people died from it each year in the United States", after spending all that money to have "
an extra 47500 new cases of NPAFP [in India]. Clinically indistinguishable from polio paralysis but twice as deadly", appears to be a poor or even counterproductive investment.
http://phys.org/news/2011-05-unicef-discloses-vaccine-prices-1st.html
UNICEF last year spent $757 million to provide 2.5 billion doses of vaccines to 99 countries, reaching an estimated 58 percent of the world's children. Its price list shows significant disparity, with Western drugmakers often charging UNICEF double what companies in India and Indonesia do. Just as striking is the steady rise in prices in the last decade, with the cost of vaccines against measles, polio and tetanus roughly doubling between 2001 and 2010. Prices of a few vaccines have remained flat or declined as additional competitors entered the market.
Read more at:
http://phys.org/news/2011-05-unicef-discloses-vaccine-prices-1st.html#jCp
UNICEF last year spent $757 million to provide 2.5 billion doses of vaccines to 99 countries, reaching an estimated 58 percent of the world's children. Its price list shows significant disparity, with Western drugmakers often charging UNICEF double what companies in India and Indonesia do. Just as striking is the steady rise in prices in the last decade, with the cost of vaccines against measles, polio and tetanus roughly doubling between 2001 and 2010. Prices of a few vaccines have remained flat or declined as additional competitors entered the market.
Read more at:
http://phys.org/news/2011-05-unicef-discloses-vaccine-prices-1st.html#jCp
UNICEF last year spent $757 million to provide 2.5 billion doses of vaccines to 99 countries, reaching an estimated 58 percent of the world's children. Its price list shows significant disparity, with Western drugmakers often charging UNICEF double what companies in India and Indonesia do. Just as striking is the steady rise in prices in the last decade, with the cost of vaccines against measles, polio and tetanus roughly doubling between 2001 and 2010. Prices of a few vaccines have remained flat or declined as additional competitors entered the market.
Read more at:
http://phys.org/news/2011-05-unicef-discloses-vaccine-prices-1st.html#jCp
UNICEF last year spent $757 million to provide 2.5 billion doses of vaccines to 99 countries, reaching an estimated 58 percent of the world's children. Its price list shows significant disparity, with Western drugmakers often charging UNICEF double what companies in India and Indonesia do. Just as striking is the steady rise in prices in the last decade, with the cost of vaccines against measles, polio and tetanus roughly doubling between 2001 and 2010. Prices of a few vaccines have remained flat or declined as additional competitors entered the market.
Read more at:
http://phys.org/news/2011-05-unicef-discloses-vaccine-prices-1st.html#jCp
UNICEF last year spent $757 million to provide 2.5 billion doses of vaccines to 99 countries, reaching an estimated 58 percent of the world's children. Its price list shows significant disparity, with Western drugmakers often charging UNICEF double what companies in India and Indonesia do. Just as striking is the steady rise in prices in the last decade, with the cost of vaccines against measles, polio and tetanus roughly doubling between 2001 and 2010. Prices of a few vaccines have remained flat or declined as additional competitors entered the market.
Read more at:
http://phys.org/news/2011-05-unicef-discloses-vaccine-prices-1st.html#jCp
UNICEF last year spent $757 million to provide 2.5 billion doses of vaccines to 99 countries, reaching an estimated 58 percent of the world's children. Its price list shows significant disparity, with Western drugmakers often charging UNICEF double what companies in India and Indonesia do. Just as striking is the steady rise in prices in the last decade, with the cost of vaccines against measles, polio and tetanus roughly doubling between 2001 and 2010. Prices of a few vaccines have remained flat or declined as additional competitors entered the market.
Read more at:
http://phys.org/news/2011-05-unicef-discloses-vaccine-prices-1st.html#jCp
So it has been chosen by the WHO, not Bill Gates and it was chosen for a purpose.
Now to the drug for sleeping sickness. Drug companies are NOT charities, they have to make money, or they cannot keep developing drugs. There is a problem with us depending on only drug companies for new drugs, some diseases get overlooked. A major area is vaccines, because they are costly to develop, and because, in general, they carry some risk, so there is the problem of law suits (that is why there is a government program to protect them). Also, they are often not cost effective to develop and produce, since they can not really return a profit to the company. Diseases that are not common in the developed world is another area where 'big pharma' does not work well.
We need a different way of paying for such drugs, either the government needs to pay for their development (Can you see trying to get a bill through Congress to spend millions or more on developing a drug for a disease that Americans don't generally get?) I have often wondered if a small 'tax' on prescription drugs would be possible, but again, that would be very hard to pass. Everyone from the AARP to the insurance companies to the states would fight it