US Navy "UFO" patent by Salvatore Cezar Pais

[banditsat12oclock]

Hi All,

Is anyone on here qualified to understand - and explain in layman's terms - whether this patent (images below) has any legs at all, or whether it's actually about as scientific as Alice in Wonderland?

On the one hand, it would seem to be a dream come true for believers, with the US Navy openly describing the operations of a hybrid air/space/underwater craft that:

• can cancel its own inertial mass,
• uses repulsive gravity effects,
• moves at tremendous speeds,
• and comes in any flavour you want: cone, diamond, or even lenticular triangle.

On the other hand, it's surely beyond belief that the US Navy would openly patent something that is real and yet sounds closer to the Millennium Falcon than it does anything flying today. Why give the Chinese and the Russians a leg up?

Equally, although it's ostensibly in English, the terms used (e.g. Prigogine effect, Dirac virtual pair production, vacuum field fluctuations, etc.) are so beyond the understanding of 99.999% of people, that we wouldn't know if this was truly feasible or merely some form of sophisticated in-joke for physics PhDs.

Thoughts appreciated.

Thanks

Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US10144532B2/en

 

[jarlrmai]

My understanding is that the current view is either the US Military files patents based on highly speculative theoretical physics "just in case." And/or they are misinformation of some kind, written by a qualified physicist (Pais) to give them an aura of realism. But they do not stand-up under analysis by subject matter experts.

The US Military can appear to be a strange organisation from the outside, often seemingly spending what seems to be large amounts of cash on highly speculative areas, but I imagine to them with a budget of trillions spending a few million dollars on this kind of thing must be worth it, I imagine they are worried about getting caught out on some game changing technology and have enormous amounts of money to burn on it.

It would be interesting if there were some documented past case of this happening, i.e. the US Mil being caught out by a scientific advance that seemed left field at the time. Maybe it's hangover from things like the Moon Race / Manhattan Project and them wondering what it would be like if they were too far behind on those.

Stuff like quantum computing and Shor's algorithm is a possible area where they need to be careful for encryption etc.

 

[flarkey]

This reports on some of the experiments that were don on the back of this patent.

https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zo...s-up-about-its-bizarre-ufo-patent-experiments

This statement from NAWCAD also raises a few questions about why these experiments were funded and supported so extensively by high-ranking scientists within the organization in the first place. Despite every physicist we have spoken to over the better part of two years asserting that the "Pais Effect" has no scientific basis in reality and the patents related to it were filled with pseudo-scientific jargon, NAWCAD confirmed they were interested enough in the patents to spend more than a half-million dollars over three years developing experiments and equipment to test Pais' theories.

 

[Mauro]

Those patents are a bunch of nonsense (by the way, they were reported by The War Zone some months ago). So why is US military spending money on this? Well, because some idiot managed to put his hands on the purse strings.. same as with the last UAP report, or the studies on parapsicology and mind control which wasted money in the 60s, or the more recent fake bomb detectors used in Iraq:

In the decade following the late-1990s, a network of intrepid fraudsters sold fake bomb detectors worth tens of millions of dollars to security services around the world, most notably Iraq, Thailand and Mexico. The fake bomb detectors, variously marketed as the ADE 651, GT200, Alpha Six, and, earlier, the MOLE Programmable Detection System, Quadro Tracker, and Sniffex, were completely non-functional and sold solely for the purpose of enriching its producers – and the people they bribed to sell the phony goods.

https://sites.tufts.edu/corruptarmsdeals/the-worldwide-fake-bomb-detector-scam/

 

[JMartJr]

It is worth noting that while a patent is supposed to be issued only for something that actually works, in reality the Patent Office does not have the facilities to test every invention for which a patent is sought, and largely relies on the honesty of the applicant in many cases. Last year, the US patent office received over 600,000 applicaions, and granted over 300,000 of them, the possibillity of meaningfully testing them all is drowned in the sheer numbers. (See below) So, many patents exist for inventions that do not do what is claimed -- however, my understanding is that a patent for a non-working item, if it is ever demonstrated not to actually work, is then considered invalid. That still leaves a number of patents in existence for items that would not work, if anybody ever tried to build one.

Theranos held over 700 patents worldwide -- their story would have had a very different ending if those patents had all been for things that actually worked!

Which is all to say: don't assume that something is real just because a patent exists.

--------------------

Numbers of patent applications in the US recent years (highlighting added):

Source: https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/us_stat.htm

 

[Agent K]

You can read all the transactions with the Patent Office on Public PAIR, all the times the patent application was rejected and appealed.
https://portal.uspto.gov/pair/PublicPair
Select Patent Number, and enter US10144532

 

[FastIndy]

When the patent references work by Harold Puthoff, it's not exactly standing on solid ground.

 

[FatPhil]

This reports on some of the experiments that were don on the back of this patent.

https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zo...s-up-about-its-bizarre-ufo-patent-experiments

This guy's word salad comes around in the "future science" media roughly every year, it seems. I speculate that might be because reactionless EM drives are becoming more of a topic generally, what with the QI (quantised inertia) guy, an actual research physicist, jumping on that bandwagon. I spotted it in ~Feb this year, which was the last media blast, and followed a very similar route to you, reaching 2020 where I encountered this:

According to Willis, Dr. Pais's most recent work represents "a classic case of pathological science." Willis says the literature for the plasma compression fusion device contains invented jargon, nonsensical statements, weak or absent evidence of an informed theoretical basis, an "overabundance of nebulous adjectives and adverbs instead of meaningful quantities in technical writing," and "lots of statements made in passing that seem to contradict basic and accepted physics."

Willis says that Dr. Pais "references subjects that have consistently been plagued with pathological science and popular misunderstanding for decades, such as vacuum energy. It's hard not to suspect he's either drinking the kool-aid himself, or just chumming the waters for the kind of people who do."

https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zo...f-the-navys-bizarre-ufo-patents-finally-talks (January 22, 2020)

It looked like word salad to me - it looks like word salad to those better educated in the field than me - I drew the obvious, and final, conclusion. I will need to see results in order to change my mind, not just more meaningless diagrams.

I think I also made the mistake of reading a paper on his work, and I'm pretty sure I spotted an actual mistake in it, one of his equations, basically one of the laws of physics, was wrong. That might have been a different "scientist", though, but it was about the same time, and regarding the same type of tech. That was quite a successful debunk. A chat forum was constantly being plagued by almost daily CT "now this proves it!" (it=covid/vax, aliens, FTL, you know the script) posts. I think me shredding that paper was the thing that finally made him reaslise that we were not a receptive audience, and we've not seen him since.

 

[Agent K]

You can read all the transactions with the Patent Office on Public PAIR, all the times the patent application was rejected and appealed.
https://portal.uspto.gov/pair/PublicPair
Select Patent Number, and enter US10144532

These sites appear to have the same documents.
https://patentcenter.uspto.gov/#!/applications/15141270/ifw/docs
https://register.epo.org/ipfwretrieve?apn=US.201615141270.A&lng=en

See the 40-page Appeal Brief Filed.

Page 21

Page 19

 

[MonkeeSage]

It looks like the patent expired for non-payment of fees in 2023.

Source: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov/applications/15141270/ifw/transactions

This makes sense as Dr. Pais' experiments related to the patent yielded negative results and he eventually left NAWCAD in 2019.

Timothy Boulay, Communications Director at NAWCAD, confirmed several points to The War Zone by email:

– The High Energy Electromagnetic Field Generator testing occurred from October 2016 through September 2019;

– The cost was $508,000 over the course of three years. Around ninety percent of the total – $462,000 – was for salaries, while the rest was used for equipment, test preparation, testing and assessment.

– When NAWCAD concluded testing in September 2019, the "Pais Effect" could not be proven.

– No further research has been conducted, and the project has not transitioned to any other government or civilian organization.

Source: https://www.twz.com/39012/the-navy-finally-speaks-up-about-its-bizarre-ufo-patent-experiments

 

[John J.]

All reminds me a bit of the British Rail flying saucer, patent granted in 1973.

British Rail was the UK's nationalised railway (railroad) company.
Lasers were to fuse hydrogen atoms, 1000 times a second, to propel a passenger vehicle for maybe 60 passengers.

Apart from the patent application itself, it probably didn't cost much to develop; the inventor, Charles Osmond Frederick, reportedly designed it in his own time while a British Rail engineer- working on the interaction of wheels and rails.

BBC News, British Rail flying saucer plan, 13 March 2006 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4801928.stm

Additional information at All That's Interesting website, "That Time Cold War Britain Patented A Flying Saucer", 22 March 2017, Richard Stockton, Ed. John Kuroski https://allthatsinteresting.com/british-rail-flying-saucer,
which has this part of the patent specification:

Also Wikipedia, British Rail flying saucer, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Rail_flying_saucer, which tells us the patent lapsed in 1976 due to unpaid renewal fees.

I'm not sure Mr Frederick ever really explained what would power the lasers, or the electromagnetic forcefield that would help protect the passengers from the thermonuclear explosions a few yards/ metres beneath them (though there was to be a lead shield several feet thick beneath the seating area, Frederick clearly didn't leave things to chance).

History doesn't record if the passenger compartment was smoking or non-smoking.

 

[Mendel]

I'm not sure Mr Frederick ever really explained what would power the lasers, or the electromagnetic forcefield that would help protect the passengers

much less the people below the contraption

but give it a few more decades, we're halfway there

Article:

On December 5, 2022, after further technical improvements, NIF reached "ignition", or scientific breakeven, for the first time, achieving a 154% energy yield compared to the input energy. However, while this was scientifically a success, the experiment in practice produced less than 1% of the energy the facility used to create it: while 3.15 MJ of energy was yielded from 2.05 MJ input, the lasers delivering the 2.05 MJ of energy took about 300 MJ to produce in the facility.

Source: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ignition_Facility

The engineers at the NIF probably didn't know this 1973 British Rail patent, or they'd have gotten there sooner.

 

[JMartJr]

I'm not sure Mr Frederick ever really explained what would power the lasers, or the electromagnetic forcefield that would help protect the passengers from the thermonuclear explosions a few yards/ metres beneath them (though there was to be a lead shield several feet thick beneath the seating area, Frederick clearly didn't leave things to chance).

I hear from a reliable authority that is you just build a hundreds-of-miles-long vacuum tube around these rail projects, they magically becomes easier and less expensive. Perhaps Mr. Frederick should try that.

 

[Mendel]

hundreds-of-miles-long vacuum tube

there's always a drawback to using space technologies on the ground

thankfully, it didn't apply to non-stick pans, or kitchens would look very different today. (Boiling water in a vacuum actually saves energy!)

 

[Mendel]

More discussion is at https://www.metabunk.org/threads/claims-of-advanced-tech-recovered-from-ufos.14932/post-371337 and following.

 

[John J.]

In the past few days the US10144532B2 patent has cropped up in discussion in the Claims of Advanced Tech Recovered from UFOs thread, other patents made by Salvatore Pais have been briefly mentioned.
The USN's Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, NAWCAD, sponsored Pais' research:

Timothy Boulay, Communications Director at NAWCAD, confirmed several points to The War Zone by email:

– The High Energy Electromagnetic Field Generator testing occurred from October 2016 through September 2019;

– The cost was $508,000 over the course of three years. Around ninety percent of the total – $462,000 – was for salaries, while the rest was used for equipment, test preparation, testing and assessment.

– When NAWCAD concluded testing in September 2019, the "Pais Effect" could not be proven.

– No further research has been conducted, and the project has not transitioned to any other government or civilian organization.

"The Navy Finally Speaks Up About Its Bizarre "UFO Patent" Experiments", The War Zone, 01 Feb 2021, Brett Tingley, https://www.twz.com/39012/the-navy-finally-speaks-up-about-its-bizarre-ufo-patent-experiments

The fact that the project was not transitioned to any other organization is probably relevant, as the claims Pais made for this specific research are extraordinary.
That "the "Pais Effect" could not be proven", though not scientifically worded, is highly relevant- it was, after all, Pais doing the work, for an agency that apparently thought that his claims might be viable.

But, the research mentioned by NAWCAD's Tim Boulay wasn't research into patent US10144532B2, "Craft using an inertial mass reduction device", https://patents.google.com/patent/US10144532B2/en, submitted April 2016, the triangular aerospace/ submarine craft.
"The High Energy Electromagnetic Field Generator testing" appears to refer to concepts in patent US10135366B2, "Electromagnetic field generator and method to generate an electromagnetic field", submitted 24 August 2015 https://patents.google.com/patent/US10135366B2/en

Like the flying craft patent, the field generator patent was filed by the US Navy. But both patents were submitted before the October 2016 - September 2019 timeframe identified by NAWCAD. It seems Pais worked for, or was at least known to, the USN before October 2016.
At least for the field generator (and I strongly suspect, for the other patents) the USN supported the patents before experimental work had been conducted.

Beginning in 2015, Pais filed a series of patent applications on behalf of the U.S. Navy that attracted significant media attention. These patents, often referred to collectively as the "UFO patents," describe technologies that would, if feasible, represent dramatic advances beyond the current state of physics and engineering.
...No working prototype of any of the patented inventions was ever developed.

Wikipedia, Salvatore Pais https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvatore_Pais

In the field generator patent (US10135366B2), Pais writes

It is a feature of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for deflecting or destroying a large asteroid and preventing a possible collision with earth. The present invention may also deflect or destroy any other type of object.
It is a feature of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for generating an impenetrable defensive shield to Sea and Land as well as Space-based military and civilian assets, protecting these assets from such threats as Anti-Ship Ballistic Missiles, Radar Evading Cruise Missiles, Top Attack for Main Battle Tanks (land and sea based systems), as well as counteracting the effects of solar-induced Coronal Mass Ejections...

The Unnecessary Capitalizations reminded me of TMBSPACESHIPS, https://nitter.net/TMBSPACESHIPS/with_replies whose author claims to be a retired USAF PhD engineer. It was briefly (but not credibly) proposed that the author was William McCasland (post #183, "Mysterious disappearance of UFO-linked Air Force general sparks search" thread; I had a few thoughts about TMBSPACESHIPS in post #183. I doubt Pais / TMB are connected, but I think it's interesting that these independent thinkers, covering some similar topics, both have this trait.

Patent US10135366B2 is for an electromagnetic field generator that can raise an "impenetrable defensive shield" against anything from large asteroids and coronal mass ejections to man-portable anti-tank missiles.
It can destroy any object.
These claims are in the patent, submitted by the USN/ Pais before NAWCAD started practical research in October 2016.
Presumably the USN thought the patent was, at least in part, credible. To me it reads more Marvel than Lockheed or MIT.
A casual observer might be forgiven for thinking that significant resources and funding would be made available for such an astonishing technology.

Thinking about the money involved, I did some (very) rough and ready calculations.
$462,000 went on salaries, $46,000 on "equipment, test preparation, testing and assessment."
Pais' NAWCAD research seems to have lasted 35 or 36 months, let's say 35, approx. 152 weeks.

Spending on salaries was $462,000. 152/462,000 = $3039.47 per week.
The average US weekly wage, 4th quarter 2016, was $1,067 (US Bureau of Labor Statistics https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2017/a...est-in-mississippi-in-fourth-quarter-2016.htm)

We don't know the wages of people involved, but if they were (averaged out) near the US average wage, there might have been 3 people involved. I guess it's possible the salary was for Pais alone, but would that be a bit generous for a DoD research scientist?
Whatever, it's a small number of people- Pais and maybe 1, 2 or 3 assistants/ technicians. The more assistants, the lower their salaries and perhaps experience/ qualifications.

Not every day would be a working day, but $46,000 for "equipment, test preparation, testing and assessment" works out over 152 weeks (1064 days) as $43.23 per day.
The entire equipment/ experimental budget over 35 months is a bit less than the average cost of a new full-size pickup truck in September 2016, $47,004 (Kelley Blue Book https://mediaroom.kbb.com/2016-10-0...-September-2016-According-To-Kelley-Blue-Book).

Let's suppose the Navy thought only the most modest claim in Pais' patent might work, that the field generator might protect a main battle tank from a top attack munition (e.g. infantry weapons like NLAW, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NLAW, which has destroyed main battle tanks in Ukraine).
The only US main battle tank in service now, as in 2015-16, is the M1 Abrams, baseline cost approx. $10 million.
Even if the Pais generator saved only one M1 (and its 4 crewmen) ever, a development budget twenty times the size of NAWCAD's investment would have been recouped.
The evidence strongly suggests, after nearly 3 years of Pais getting to conduct practical research into his own proposal, he could not demonstrate to the USN that even this most modest goal was achievable, or that further research was justified.

Pais patents filed by the US Navy include (don't know if there are others):

"Electromagnetic field generator and method to generate an electromagnetic field", discussed above
US10135366B2, filed 24 August 2015 https://patents.google.com/patent/US10135366B2/en, patent status "Expired - Fee Related"
Would add,

The fission reactor which provides the thermal power to the thermoelectric generator 400 is a pebble bed reactor (PBR) 300 which uses small tennis size uranium balls (9 grams of U238 per pebble)

Maybe Pais means tennis ball size. Tennis balls are 56-59.4g; a table tennis ball approx. 2.7g. Uranium is much denser than either.
U238 can't sustain a chain reaction. It isn't a fission reactor fuel.

"Craft using an inertial mass reduction device", the flying triangle
US10144532B2, filed 28 April 2016 https://patents.google.com/patent/US10144532B2/en, patent status "Expired - Fee Related"

Although there is no reason to believe this could fly at all, Pais discusses a way of making it fly faster than light. In fact he thinks there might be more than one way to make it fly faster than light.

The author discusses the possibility of using exotic matter (negative mass/negative energy density) to bring about this effect. This may not have to be the only alternative.

The craft could also be a submarine,

This hybrid craft would move with great ease through the air/space/water mediums, by being enclosed in a vacuum plasma bubble/sheath...

Vacuum plasma is plasma in a vacuum, not water. As a term, "vacuum plasma" is mainly used in connection with spraying/ coating processes.

"High frequency gravitational wave generator",
US10322827B2, filed 14 February 2017 https://patents.google.com/patent/US10322827B2/en patent status "Expired - Fee Related"

It is a feature of the present invention to provide a high frequency gravitational wave generator that can be used for advanced propulsion, asteroid disruption and/or deflection, and communications through solid objects.

It's a spacecraft drive (hang on, hasn't Pais already done this?), it's an asteroid destroyer/ deflector (hang on, hasn't Pais...) it's a communications device (ah, something new).

On Feb. 11, 2016 the National Science Foundation publicly announced that the Laser Interferometry Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) finally detected gravitational waves, thereby, showing that gravitational waves exist, further strengthening General Relativity (GR) theory predictions.

In 2016, the NSF, using a 4 kilometre-long instrument, detected gravity waves from two approx. 30 solar mass black holes merging.
One year later, Pais has a design for something that cannot only generate detectable gravity waves, it can use them to destroy asteroids.

"Plasma Compression Fusion Device", appears to be for a fusion reactor, although Pais doesn't use the term for this design (that I could see),
US20190295733A1, filed 22 March 2018 https://patents.google.com/patent/US20190295733A1/en, patent status "Abandoned"

It is a feature of the present invention to provide a plasma compression fusion device that can produce power in the gigawatt to terawatt range (and higher), with input power in the kilowatt to megawatt range.

It has 3 fairly simple line-drawings, showing us fusion reactor designs don't have to be complex.

"Piezoelectricity-induced High Temperature Superconductor", wobble a wire conducting pulses of current, it becomes a superconductor.
US20190348597A1, filed 23 August 2019 https://patents.google.com/patent/US20190348597A1/en, patent status "Abandoned"
First 3 lines of application,

The present invention is a high temperature superconductor comprising of a wire, which comprises of an insulator core and a metal coating. The metal coating is disposed around the insulator core, and the metal is coating deposited on the core. When a pulsed current is passed through the wire, while the wire is vibrated, high temperature superconductivity is induced.

Note that the first 2 lines say essentially the same thing three times. It is strange.
How a non-conductive core completely coated by a conducting surface is an insulator isn't explained. It's not insulating anything.


I'm pretty confident I read the phrase "intergalactic craft" (or intergalactic spacecraft) somewhere in one of the patents, but I can't remember which, and I don't feel like going through them again at the moment.

I think Pais' patents give us three possibilities (although I'm open to other suggestions):
(1) Salvatore Pais is, by a very wide margin, the most important physicist to have ever lived, and the greatest inventor in history.
His ideas pave the way for superluminal flight (using perhaps more than one method). He has two technologies that can deflect Earth-bound asteroids. An invention that can raise an impenetrable shield and also destroy any object. He has shown us how sustainable nuclear fusion can be achieved with a mechanism so elegant it can be illustrated with 3 simple drawings. And the room-temperature superconductor.
All this was done in four years or so.

(2) Many key claims in the patents are mistaken, but Pais doesn't know this. He believes he has invented, amongst other things, an impenetrable defensive barrier, a means to destroy any object, a simple fusion reactor, a flying craft based on a microwave resonant cavity that might fly faster than light etc. etc.

(3) Many key claims in the patents are mistaken, and Pais knows this but for some reason feels unable to retract.

Anyway, all the patents are interesting to some degree or another. I think it's profoundly unlikely that they represent anything useful.
The most interesting thing about them might be why the USN backed them.
I'm becoming less convinced that they might have been deliberate disinformation.